Multiple-effect receiver.



G. T. VOORHEES.

MULTIPLE EFFECT RECEIVER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY a, 1908.

wit 2552s: I Znqfutm.

Patented Sept. 7 1909.

GARDNER 'rurr's" vooftnnns, .or nqs'ron', mssaennsnr'rs'MULTiPI/E-EFFECT ancm vmt Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed .Tu1y 3, 1908. Serial No. 441,870. a a

To all whoiw it may concern: k

Be it known that I, GARDNER TUFTQVOOR- HEES, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Boston, in the countyof Suffolk and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMultiple-Effect Receivers, 6f which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to increase the capacity and fliciency ofmy multiple ett'ect compressor, U. S. Letters Patent 7 93864, and of mymultiple effect absorption system, see my patent application SerialNumber 299326, and to increase the efficiency and'capacity of anyrefrigerating system that can operate at two or more different suctionor back pressures. The principle involved is the economic recovery ofvapor formed from a refrigerant liquid'whcn said refrigerantliquid hashad its pressure reduced below that of the condenser in passing throughan.

expansion valve. This is accomplished-by allowing the liquidrefrigerant, from the condenser to flow from the condenser through aconduit and past an expansion valve in said conduit so that the combinedliquor and vapor resulting will flow into a receiver, so that the liquidcan be used for refrigerating purposes by passing .itfrom the reeeiverthrough refrigerators and thereinevaporating it and so that the vaporfrom the receiver can be recovered through a gas compressing means thatwill take it in and raise its pressure to that ofthe condenser anddischarge it into the condenser.

In the drawmgA 1s the condenser, cooled by any desired means, as bywatertrickling over its surface, B is the receiver, C, and C arerefrigerators heated by. any desired means, as by water or brine.trickling over their surfaces, D D, is the gas compressing means, andconsists of any combination of apparatus that will take in vapor at twoor more different suction pressures, and raise the vapor so taken intothe condenser pressure and discharge it into the condenser.

I), D. maybe either a multiple effect compressor, the absorbers, liquorpumps and generators of a multiple effect absorption system, two or morecommon compressors or two or more series of absorbers and stills andliquor'pnmps. v

. 3,9, 34, 37, 15 are expansion valves, 5, is an automatic floatgoverned expansion valve, 20, 22, 25 are stop or throttling valves.

, Automatic" expansion valve 5 has v stem 6 and opening of the expansionvalve by the height of liquid in receiver B. The receiver may be at alevel above both refrigerators" as is shown in the drawing or may bebelow one or both refrigerators, and expansion valves 9, 34, 37, 15 maybe used as ex )ansion valves or as re ulatin Valves as is esiredaccording to t e relative levels of the receiver and the refrigerators.p The operation of the'preferred form of my apparatus is as follows; I)D is a mul-' tiple effect compressor having high pressure sucti on inlet27 and low pressure suction inlet 13. Liquid anhydrous ammonia flowsfrom condenser A at say 100- F. and 200 pounds gage pressure through pie 1, 2, 4 past expansion valve 3 which is ere wide open and pastautomatic expansion valve 5, and in passin expansion valve 5 itspressure is reduced to say 9 .pounds and its temperature is reduced tosay -10 F. and say 20% of its total wei ht 1s vaporized. This mixture ofliquid an vapor now enters the receiver through inlet 4, above theliquid level in the receiver and the liquid falls to -the lower 5art ofthe receiver and the vapor .occupies t e upper partof the receiver. I

prefer to have this mixture of liquid and vapor enter the receiver abovethe liquid outlets from the receiver and preferably above the liquidlevel therein, for if it entered below this liquid level, it-would soamtate said liquid as to fill it full of bubbles of vapor, and tend tomake it boil over to the compression means and if the liquid outletsfrom the receiver were not below the mlet to the receiver from thecondenser it would tend to have vapor bubbles go with the liquidjto therefrigerators and so partially defeat the purpose of this invention.TlllS nine pound pressure -10 liquid free from vapornow flows from thelower part of the receiver to the two refrigerators, C, and C valves 34and 37 being closed. Part of" it returned through pipe-18,19, 21 toreceiver-B,

valve 22 being shut and valve 20 open. The vapor so formed in refrierator C joins that in receiverB and the liquid so returned fromrefrigerator C rejoins the liquid in the lower part of the receiver. Inthe-meanwhileliquid- Patented s t. 7, 1909.-

ball float 7, said float 7 regulating the from receiver .B has alsoflowed past expansion valve 9 through conduit 8, 1 11 and has had itspressure-reduced from 9 pounds to say lbs; and its temperature to say 517, here a little'vapor is formed and this mixture ,of liquid and vaporenters refrigerator C, wherein the liquid is evaporated at say 5 oundsand .-17 and the vapor so formed. ows through pipe 12, 13 to the lowpressure suction inlet 13 of multiple effect compressor D 'D In themeanwhile the gas at 9 lbs. pressure flows from the pper part ofreceiver B through pipe 24, 2%, 27

i5suction inlet'of multiple eifect compressor D D and is taken in by thecompressor, and ali thegaswhether'high or low pressure is compressed tothe condenser pressure'und is discharged through conduit 28, 29, 30, 31,

'20 32 into condenser A, wherein it is reliquefied I and the cyclerepeated. It is evident that receiver B could not only be used as areceiver but also as a refrigerator in place of refrigerator C if itssurface were used to cool air, brine or any other desired substance, butI prefer not to sense the receiver as a refrigerator, for by so doing itwould be filled with a boiling mixture of liquid umlvapor bubbles andtendto boil over to thecompression means and such vapor bubbles would 0in part with the liquid to refrigerator 2 and so partially defeat theobject of this-invention. I

r From the above it should be clear that by 35 the use of my invention Ihave increased the capacity of the multiple effect compressor to dorefrigeration at the low suction pressure to the extent of theproportionate weight of vapor formed in receiver B that 4 wouldotherwise havebeen formed in refrigerator O 4. Y

. A modification. of the cycle just'described will be when valve 20isshut and valve 22 open so that valve -1 5 is used as a regulating valveand the operation is as before described, except that the vapor fromrefrigerator C 'now enters direct to the hi h pressure suction inlet 27of the multip e effect compressor through pipe 18 19, 23, 27 in 5 placeof first returning to the receiver as before described.

, Another 'modification is whenvalve 25 is throttled and valve 20 shutand valve 22 open and the operation is as before described except thatthen the pressures in B, C, and C are all different, so that either orboth refrigerators C, and C, can be above the level of receiver B;

Another modification is when the level of 9 refrigerator C,is so farbelow the level of V receiver B that it can operate at a higher pressurethan refrigerator C because of its hydraulic head of liquid from thereceiver.

In actual practice it is evident that the two refrigeratorsC and atdifferent temperapressures and Baudelot coolers at high pres-' tur'es'will be available for useful refri era tion as follows-where C is thelow pres sure-refrigerator and G thelngh pressure? refrigerator; forcooling breweries at low sures; for /chill rooms. and for reezing roomsin cold storage warehouses or packing houses;'for cooling water to bemade into ice and for freezing such cooled water. into ice; for coolingair for use in blast furnaces to precipitate the moisture from said airin two stages, in lace-of doing all the refrigeration at the ow stage.valve 25 being open, to the'high pressure Another modification whererefrigerator C is dispensed with and where it is desired either throughthe use of a multiple-effect compressor 'or through two ordinarycoinpressors, or by using the two sides of a doupressure inlet of thecompressor. The operation of this modification is as follows; Liquidammonia at say and 200 pounds" pressure flows from condenser A through Ipipe 1, 2, '4 and past automatic expansion valve 5, expansion valve 3being wide open and so not in use, into receiver B. In passing theexpansion valve the pressure is reduced to say 9 pounds and the temerature.

is reduced to say -10 and the liquid at' say 10 and the vapor so formedis dis charged through 'inlet 4:, above the liquid level in the.receiver, into the receiver so that the liquid falls to the lower part.of there'- c'eiver and the gas rises to the upper part of the receiver.The gas fromthe upper part of the receiver now flows t the high pressuresuction inlet of the conilaressor through 1 pipe 24, 26, 27 'valve 25being open and valves 20 and 22 shut, valves 34, 3.7, 15 are also shutand refrigerator C not used. The I liquid ammonia now flows from thelower part of thereceiver B through pipe 8, 10, 11

to refrigerator C, through expansion valve -9,. where the pressure isreduced to say 5' pounds andthe temperature to'say 17. The liquid'isevaporated in refrigerator G at 5 pounds pressure and the vapor soformed fiowsthrough pipe 12, 13 to the low pressure suction inlet 13 ofthe compressor, and both I the high and low suction pressure vapor s area compressed in the. compressing means to the condenser pressure anddischarged through the discharge pipe 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 into thecondenser A. 4

- taken in and raised from two or more diifea;

would require the close attention of the operator, and anyneglecton'hispart won (I tend to cause threceiver to fill up withliquid, and-saidliquid togo over as such to the compressor and so wreck the compressorwith consequent lossof apparatus and danger to life and property.

It will be evi cut that any number of refri erators and at any number'ofdifferent bait pressures can be supplied with liquid from receiver B, asthrough pipes 33,- 36, 38 and by expansion or regulating valves 34 and37.

Inthe claims where'I use the words (gas com r'essing means I mean anydevice or com ination of devices whereby gas may be cut suctionpressures to the condenser pressure,.such as any type ofmechanicalcompressor; or absorber, liquor pump and generator of anabsorption system; or their equivalentror the equivalent of an of thesedevices; or a combination of any 0 these devices or their equivalents.

What I claim is as follows: 1. In a volatile liquid refrigerating systemthe combination of gas compressing (means having a high pressure suctloninlet and at low pressure suction inlet and adapted to take in gas at ahigh and at a low suction pressure and to compress said as and todisch-ar eit into a condenser, a condenser adapts -to liquefy saidcompressed gas, a receiver adapted to contain liquid in its lower partand gas in its upper part, a conduit to conduct liquid from thecondenser to the receiver, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, ahigh pressure refrigerator, a conduit leading to said refrigerator, aconduit leading from from the receivers lower art said refrigerator tothe receivers upper part, a conduit leading from the receivers upperpart to said hi h pressure suction inlet, a o-w pressure re rigerator, acond leading from the receivers lower part 0 the low pressurerefrigerator, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a conduitleading from the low pressure refrigerator to said' low pressure suctioninlet.

2. In a volatlle' liquid refrigerating system the combination of gascompressing means having a high pressure suction inlet and a lowpressure suction inlet and adapted to take in gas at a high and at a lowsuction pressure and to compress said gas and to discharge it intoacondenser, a condenser adapted to liquefy said compressed gas, areceiver adapted to contain liquid 1n its lower part and gas in itsupper part, a conduit to conduct liquid from the condenser to thereceiver, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a high pressurerefrigerator, a

conduit leading from the receivers lower part to said refrigerator, aregulating valve in said conduit, conduits leadlng from said &

refrigerator'and from the rbeeiversupper part to said high pressuresuction inlet,.a low. pressure re rigerator, a conduit leadingfrom thereceivers lower part. tolthe'low pressure refrigerator, a pressurereducing valve in said conduit, a conduit leadin from the low pressurerefrigerator to and low pressure suction inlet.

3. In a volatile liquid refrigerating system the combination -of gascompressing means. having a high pressure suction inlet and a logvpressure suction inlet and adapted to take in gas at a high and at a lowsuction pressure and to compress said gas and to dischar e it into acondenser, a condenser adap d to liquefy said compressed gas, a receiveradapted to contain liquid in its lower part andgas in its upper part, aconduit to conduct liquid fromthe condenser to'the receiver, an.automatic float governed pressure reducing valve in said conduit, aconduit from the receiverfs upper art to said high pressure suctioninlet, a re rigerator, a conduit leading from the receivers lower partto the refrigerator, a ressure reducing" valve in said conduit, a conuit leading from the refrigerator to said low pressure suction ing valvein said conduit, a high pressure refrigerator, a conduit leadin from thereceivers lower art to said refrigerator, a conduit leading rom saidrefrigerator to the receivers upper part, a conduit leading from therec'eiversupper part to said high pressure suction inlet, a low pressurerefrigorator, a conduit leading from the receivers lowerpart to the lowressure refrigerator, a pressure reducnig va ve 111 said conduit, a

conduit from the low pressure refrigerator to said low pressure suctioninlet.

5. Ina volatile liquid refrigerating system the combination of gascompressing means having a high pressure suctlon inlet and a lowpressure suction inlet and adapted totake in: gas at ahigh and ata lowsuction pressure and to compress said gas and to discharge it into acondenser, a condenser adapted to liquefy said compressed gas, areceiveradapted to contain liquid In its lower part and as in its upper part, acon-.

duit to conduct iquid from the condenser tothe receiyer, an automaticfloat governed pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a

40 gas at a high and at a lowsuction pressure high pressurerefrigerator, a conduit leading from the receivers lower part to saidrefrigcrater, a conduit leading'from said refrigerator to thereceiversupper part, a conduit leading from the recelvers upper part to said highpressure suction inlet, a low pressure refrigerator, a conduit leadingfrom the receiver's lower, part to the low pressure refrigeratonitpressure reducing valve in said low pressure suction inlet and adaptedto take in gas at a high and at a low suction pressure and to compresssaid gas and to discharge it into a condenser, a condenser adapte' toliquefy said compressed gas, a. receiver adapted to contain liquid 111'its lower part'andgas in its uppcrpart, a con-.

duit to conduct liquid from the condenser to the receivers upper part; apressure reducm valve in said conduit, ahigh pressure re rigerator,/aconduit leading from the reregulating valve in said conduit, conduitsleading from said refrigerator and from the receivers upper part tosaid'high pressure suction inlet, a low pressure refriger itor, a.

. conduit leading from the receivers lower part to the low pressurerefrigerator, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a con-' duitleading from the low pressure refrig-v erator to said low pressuresuction inlet. I 7. In a volatile liquid refrigerating system thecombination of gas compressing means having a high pressure suctioninlet and a low pressure suction inlet and adapted to take in and tocompress said gas and to dlscharge it into a condenser," a condenseradapted-toli'quefy said compressed gas, a receiver adapted to containliquid in i 3 lower part and gas in its upper part, a conduit to conductliquid from the condenser to the receiver, an automatic float governedpres-- sure reducing valve in said conduit, a high pressurerefr1gerator,a conduit leading from the receivers lowerpart to saidrefrigerator, aregulating valve in said conduit, conduits leadingfroms'aid refrigerator and from the receivers upper part to said highpressure suction inlet, a low pressure refrigerator, a conduit leadingfrom the receivers lower part to the low pressure refrigerator, apressure reducing valve in said conduit, a

the combination of gas compressing means having a high pressure suctioninlet and a. low pressure suction inlet and adaptedto take 1n gas at ahigh and at a low suction pressure and to compress said gas and todischarge .it. into a condenser, a condenser.

ed to contain liquid in its'lower part and gas in its 11 perpart, aconduit to conduct liquid I adapted to liquefy' said gas, areceiveradaptfrom t e condenser to the receiversupper part, an automatic floatgoverned pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a hi h pressurerefrigerator, a conduit leading rece' rs lower part to saidrefrlgerator, a conduit leading from said refrigerator to thereceiversjupper part, aconduit leading from the receivers upper part tosaid high presom the sure suction'inlet, a .low pressure refrig=-erator, a conduit leading from the receivers lower part to the lowiprssure refrigerator, a pressure reducing va vein said conduit, a

conduit leading from the low pressure refrigerator to said low ressuresuction inlet. ceivers lower part to said refrigerator, a

9. In avolatile liqui refrigerating system the I combination of gascompressing means having a high pressure. suctlon inlet and a lowpressure suction inlet and adapted. to,

, take in gas at a high and at alow suction ressure and to compress saidgas and to ischalzge it into a condenser, a condenser adapte to liquefysaid compressed gas, .a receiver adapted 'to'contai-n liquidtm its lowerpart and as in its upper part, a con- 1 duit to conduct 'quid from thecondenser to the receivers upper part, an automatic float governedpgessure reducing valve in'said conduit, a 'gh pressure refrigerator, aconduit leadingfrom the 'receivers lower part to said refrigerator, aregulating valve in' said conduit,-conduits leading from saidrefrigerator and from the receivers upper part to said hi h pressuresuction inlet, a low pressure refri erator, a conduit leading from thereceivers lower part to the low pressure refrigerator, a pressurereducing valve in said conduit, 'a conduit leading from thelow pressurerefrigerator to said low pressure suction inlet.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature, in presence of twowitnesses.

eiannna'rnrrs voo'autas. Witnesses? I I PHILIP S. GIDLERE,A."I-I.'RIrrER."

